DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF ILLUSTRATIVE EMBODIMENTS
FIG. 1illustrates the functional components of a multimedia/gaming console100in which certain aspects of the present invention may be implemented. The multimedia console100has a central processing unit (CPU)101having a level 1 cache102, a level 2 cache104, and a flash ROM (Read Only Memory)106. The level 1 cache102and a level 2 cache104temporarily store data and hence reduce the number of memory access cycles, thereby improving processing speed and throughput. The CPU101may be provided having more than one core, and thus, additional level 1 and level 2 caches102and104. The flash ROM106may store executable code that is loaded during an initial phase of a boot process when the multimedia console100is powered ON.
A graphics processing unit (GPU)108and a video encoder/video codec (coder/decoder)114form a video processing pipeline for high speed and high resolution graphics processing. Data is carried from the graphics processing unit108to the video encoder/video codec114via a bus. The video processing pipeline outputs data to an A/V (audio/video) port140for transmission to a television or other display. A memory controller110is connected to the GPU108to facilitate processor access to various types of memory112, such as, but not limited to, a RAM (Random Access Memory).
The multimedia console100includes an I/O controller120, a system management controller122, an audio processing unit123, a network interface controller124, a first USB host controller126, a second USB controller128and a front panel I/O subassembly130that are preferably implemented on a module118. The USB controllers126and128serve as hosts for peripheral controllers142(1)-142(2), a wireless adapter148, and an external memory device146(e.g., flash memory, external CD/DVD ROM drive, removable media, etc.). The network interface124and/or wireless adapter148provide access to a network (e.g., the Internet, home network, etc.) and may be any of a wide variety of various wired or wireless adapter components including an Ethernet card, a modem, a Bluetooth module, a cable modem, and the like.
System memory143is provided to store application data that is loaded during the boot process. A media drive144is provided and may comprise a DVD/CD drive, hard drive, or other removable media drive, etc. The media drive144may be internal or external to the multimedia console100. Application data may be accessed via the media drive144for execution, playback, etc. by the multimedia console100. The media drive144is connected to the I/O controller120via a bus, such as a Serial ATA bus or other high speed connection (e.g., IEEE 1394).
The system management controller122provides a variety of service functions related to assuring availability of the multimedia console100. The audio processing unit123and an audio codec132form a corresponding audio processing pipeline with high fidelity and stereo processing. Audio data is carried between the audio processing unit123and the audio codec132via a communication link. The audio processing pipeline outputs data to the A/V port140for reproduction by an external audio player or device having audio capabilities.
The front panel I/O subassembly130supports the functionality of the power button150and the eject button152, as well as any LEDs (light emitting diodes) or other indicators exposed on the outer surface of the multimedia console100. A system power supply module136provides power to the components of the multimedia console100. A fan138cools the circuitry within the multimedia console100.
The CPU101, GPU108, memory controller110, and various other components within the multimedia console100are interconnected via one or more buses, including serial and parallel buses, a memory bus, a peripheral bus, and a processor or local bus using any of a variety of bus architectures. By way of example, such architectures can include a Peripheral Component Interconnects (PCI) bus, PCI-Express bus, etc.
When the multimedia console100is powered ON, application data may be loaded from the system memory143into memory112and/or caches102,104and executed on the CPU101. The application may present a graphical user interface that provides a consistent user experience when navigating to different media types available on the multimedia console100. In operation, applications and/or other media contained within the media drive144may be launched or played from the media drive144to provide additional functionalities to the multimedia console100.
The multimedia console100may be operated as a standalone system by simply connecting the system to a television or other display. In this standalone mode, the multimedia console100allows one or more users to interact with the system, watch movies, or listen to music. However, with the integration of broadband connectivity made available through the network interface124or the wireless adapter148, the multimedia console100may further be operated as a participant in a larger network community.
When the multimedia console100is powered ON, a set amount of hardware resources are reserved for system use by the multimedia console operating system. These resources may include a reservation of memory (e.g., 16 MB), CPU and GPU cycles (e.g., 5%), networking bandwidth (e.g., 8 kbs), etc. Because these resources are reserved at system boot time, the reserved resources do not exist from the application's view.
In particular, the memory reservation preferably is large enough to contain the launch kernel, concurrent system applications and drivers. The CPU reservation is preferably constant such that if the reserved CPU usage is not used by the system applications, an idle thread will consume any unused cycles.
With regard to the GPU reservation, lightweight messages generated by the system applications (e.g., popups) are displayed by using a GPU interrupt to schedule code to render popup into an overlay. The amount of memory required for an overlay depends on the overlay area size and the overlay preferably scales with screen resolution. Where a full user interface is used by the concurrent system application, it is preferable to use a resolution independent of application resolution. A scaler may be used to set this resolution such that the need to change frequency and cause a TV resynch is eliminated.
After the multimedia console100boots and system resources are reserved, concurrent system applications execute to provide system functionalities. The system functionalities are encapsulated in a set of system applications that execute within the reserved system resources described above. The operating system kernel identifies threads that are system application threads versus gaming application threads. The system applications are preferably scheduled to run on the CPU101at predetermined times and intervals in order to provide a consistent system resource view to the application. The scheduling is to minimize cache disruption for the gaming application running on the console.
When a concurrent system application requires audio, audio processing is scheduled asynchronously to the gaming application due to time sensitivity. A multimedia console application manager (described below) controls the gaming application audio level (e.g., mute, attenuate) when system applications are active.
Input devices (e.g., controllers142(1) and142(2)) are shared by gaming applications and system applications. The input devices are not reserved resources, but are to be switched between system applications and the gaming application such that each will have a focus of the device. The application manager preferably controls the switching of input stream, without knowledge the gaming application's knowledge and a driver maintains state information regarding focus switches.
The present invention is directed to a “Gamer Profile,” which serves as a building block for services and applications that aim to create a social community of gamers and grow relationships among players. In accordance with the present invention, the Gamer Profile is the entirety of information (e.g., metadata) related to a specific user (i.e., the gamer's digital identity). The Gamer Profile is developed from a set of services that collect and expose this information in a meaningful way to the community. The Gamer Profile also provides for personalization such that users can customize and enhance their gaming experience. As will be discussed in greater detail below, the Gamer Profile consists of various components, including, but not limited to, a Gamercard, game achievements, and gamer preferences.
Referring toFIG. 2, there is illustrated an overview of an exemplary architecture that may be used to implement the Gamer Profile. The console100interacts with a remote service158that provides services160such as voice/chat, a friends list, matchmaking, content download, roaming, feedback, tournaments, voice messaging, and updates to games. The service158also maintains the Gamer Profiles in a profile database162and configuration data164used by the services160and games154. The service158collects Gamer Profiles, aggregates, processes information supplied by other services160, and fulfills real-time client requests for retrieving Gamer Profile-related services. The Gamer Profiles in the database162are also used by the games154to enable, among other things, personalization and customization, etc.
Using the console100, the user may interact with a guide156. The guide156provides an interface where the user may navigate to, and enter, various online areas and options provided by the service158. The configuration data164stored by the service158may be used to determine features and options provided by the guide156. When the game154is running, a defined set of APIs are used to call and interact with the services160. When requesting Gamer Profile information via the APIs, the game154may pass a unique identifier of a user. The service158may return a Gamercard (discussed below), game stats, game achievements, affiliations, game settings. etc. Additional details of the various aspects of the exemplary architecture are provided below.
The console100includes an offline tracking mechanism157that tracks offline player activity during periods when a player is not communicatively connected to the service158. The tracker/aggregator157tracks offline player activity during offline sessions and aggregates that data with the online player activity into the Gamer Profile166.
Referring toFIG. 3, the Gamer Profile166is created when a user creates a profile (selected from the guide156) and chooses his/her unique Gamertag (a user's unique name), tile (picture/avatar associated with the user) other options during an account sign-up phase. From there, a base Gamer Profile166is created. The Gamer Profile166may then be populated from several sources. For example, the Gamer Profile166may include self-described data168from the Gamer Profile owner. Other gamers170can provide feedback regarding the Gamer Profile owner. The service158may track the gamer's online and offline activity. In addition, the games154may report the gamer's statistics and game achievements.
The owner of Gamer Profile can edit his/her Gamer Profile166directly and control who can view each section of the Gamer Profile. The Gamer Profile166may be edited via general fields (e.g., tile, country, language, gender, greeting, etc.) and/or system settings (e.g., voice output, controller vibration, character name, game format, game mode, etc.). Privacy/Opt-out Settings can be tuned for the Gamer Profile to, e.g., restrict presence information only to friends, allow game achievements to be visible to all, etc.
The Gamer Profile166may include feedback provided by other players170. Feedback helps others learn about a particular gamer. For example, if the gamer uses foul language or aggressive play in game sessions, other gamers may submit feedback to the service158. The feedback mechanism improves the user experience by building reputations. Players are therefore anonymous, but not unknown because of the accumulated feedback.
As noted above the Gamer Profile166may be used for customization and preference setting on a global level, as well as a per game level. Gamer preferences aid games154in choosing defaults for common settings such as game profile name, controller inversion and controller vibration, etc. For example, if a gamer likes using an inverted controller, this preference will be used for new titles as they are played. Games154have access to Gamer Profiles via the database162and services160. In addition, game usage data can be mined to tune the game154to the user's particular preferences and game features updated after the initial game launch.
As noted above, the Gamer Profile166conveys, among other things, game achievements. Players will be rewarded with game achievements based mastering certain in-game facets of the games they play. Each game achievement may be conveyed in the Gamer Profile166as, e.g., a badge or trophy, title, description, date, etc., as shown inFIG. 4. Games may supply a screen snapshot or some other rich media captured at the moment the player earned a given achievement. This too may be displayed as part of the Gamer Profile166. Players will accumulate gamer Cred (a points-based reward system) based on game achievements. As shown inFIG. 4, the player has a gamer Cred of 290. The display interface ofFIG. 4may be made available within the console100or via, e.g., a web browser, etc.
Referring toFIG. 5, there is illustrated the overall relationship of the game achievements and gamer Cred in accordance with the present invention. The player's total gamer Cred is an aggregation of gamer Cred awarded through the play of one or more games (e.g., Title A and Title B). Each game may award up to a certain amount of game Cred (e.g., 200) that is divided into game-defined achievements and standard system achievements.
For example, referring to the user interfaceFIG. 6, Title A may be a relatively easy game to master and may award a total of 100 game-defined gamer Cred points. Within Title A, there may be several achievements (e.g., Campaign completed on hardest, multiplayer level 10, etc.) The relative weight of each of the achievements is set based on the total weight (e.g., Campaign completed on hardest is 10/36 or 27.8%). If a player completes this achievement, then the player may be awarded 27.8% of the 100 total gamer Cred points, or 28, rounded to the nearest integer value. A player is preferably credited with an achievement only once.
The standard system achievements make up the remaining 100 points in the exemplary embodiment. The standard system achievements may be applied to all games. They may include achievements such as a first sign-in to a title, completing a first session with a game, completing a first hour of a game, completing 100 sessions with a game, completing 10 hours with a game, completing a game, etc. Other system achievements may be defined as necessary. The system achievements may be weighted such that a first sign-in is awarded a relative few points, whereas completing 100 sessions is awarded a higher number points.
Developers may use a tool that include user interface ofFIG. 6to describe their game. The tool may create a configuration file that a system application on the console100reads when the game is loaded, a C++ header file that game code can compile against, and an XML file that is used for configuration, creation of tables, creation stored procedures, and creation of leader boards.
Although Title A and Title B can award 200 gamer Cred points, more difficult games may award 500 or 1000 (or some other number) of gamer Cred points. The total amount to be awarded on a per game basis is preferably set by the online service158and is not editable by the developers. This will maintain fairness and avoid the situation where Game X wants to increase sales by making the total number of gamer Cred points available a significantly higher number than other games.
Thus, the present invention provides a balanced game achievements system by weighting the difficulty of the achievements and the games. In addition, because the aggregation of game Cred is abstracted from the game to the console100, the likelihood that a hacker or developer can over-value achievements to inflate a player's gamer Cred is reduced.
While the present invention has been described in connection with the preferred embodiments of the various Figs., it is to be understood that other similar embodiments may be used or modifications and additions may be made to the described embodiment for performing the same function of the present invention without deviating therefrom.
